Events of close relatives
Birth 11 October 1877 - 12:00 uur 28 24 Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
Best Man: Johannes Martinus Geneste, zonder beroep, 62 jaar (Johannes Martinus Geneste, zonder beroep, 62 jaar) Witness: Dirk van der Tas, zonder beroep, 55 jaar (Dirk van der Tas, zonder beroep, 55 jaar)
Source: Gemeentearchief Den Haag Citation Details: Geboorteakte nr 3283 Date of entry in original source: 12 October 1877 Quality of Data: zeker
Note: Vernoemd naar: ?Aangever: Hagina Graf-de Bruijn, vroedvrouw, 50 jaar
ChristeningNote: Religie: Rooms Katholiek
Birth of sibling 25 February 1880 - 07:00 uur (Age 2) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
Brother: Johannes Josephus Hendricus Ramakers (I54)
Death of a grand-parent 15 October 1880 (Age 3) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
Grandmother: Maria Theresia Rietmann (I456) (Age 66)
Birth of sibling 27 March 1882 (Age 4) Voorburg, Voorburg, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
Brother: Petrus Mattheus Ramakers (I78)
Death of sibling 22 April 1883 - 07:00 uur (Age 5) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
Brother: Petrus Mattheus Ramakers (I78) (Age 12 months)
Birth of sibling 26 September 1884 - 24:00 uur (Age 6) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
Brother: Reinier Coenradus Vincentius Petrus Ramakers I (I21)
Marriage of father's sibling 19 May 1886 (Age 8) Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
aunt: Maria Cibilla Ramakers (I114) (Age 28) Uncle-in-law: Johannes Christoffel Bergers (I115) (Age 23) [View Family (F39)]
Birth of sibling 25 February 1887 - 14:00 uur (Age 9) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
Brother: Petrus Johannes Ramakers (I79)
Death of sibling 31 March 1888 - 16:00 uur (Age 10) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
Brother: Petrus Johannes Ramakers (I79) (Age 13 months)
Birth of sibling 15 March 1889 (Age 11) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
Sister: Maria Theresia Ramakers (I80)
Birth of a first cousin 2 November 1889 (Age 12) Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
Male cousin: Antonius Albertus "Antoon" Bergers (I116) Father: Johannes Christoffel Bergers (I115) (Age 27) Mother: Maria Cibilla Ramakers (I114) (Age 32) [View Family (F39)]
Birth of sibling 23 December 1890 (Age 13) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
Sister: Johanna Maria "Anna" Ramakers (I93)
Birth of a first cousin 23 May 1891 (Age 13) Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
Male cousin: Johannes Bergers (I118) Father: Johannes Christoffel Bergers (I115) (Age 28) Mother: Maria Cibilla Ramakers (I114) (Age 33) [View Family (F39)]
Death of a grand-parent 23 December 1892 (Age 15) Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
Grandmother: Maria Barbara van Gogh (I110) (Age 71)
Death of a first cousin 25 December 1892 (Age 15) Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
Male cousin: Johannes Bergers (I118) (Age 19 months)
Birth of sibling 12 April 1893 - 09:00 uur (Age 15) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
Sister: Maria Barbara "Marie" Ramakers (I103)
Birth of sibling 20 April 1895 - 03:30 uur (Age 17) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
Brother: Josephius Antonius Ramakers (I108)
Death of sibling 15 July 1895 - 05:30 uur (Age 17) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
Brother: Josephius Antonius Ramakers (I108) (Age 2 months)
Marriage of father's sibling 17 August 1898 (Age 20) Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
aunt: Jansje Ramakers (I119) Uncle-in-law: Theodorus Cornelis Riemslag Baas (I120) [View Family (F41)]
Occupation 1901 (Age 23) Plateelbakker
Note: 1902 Arbeider1904 Letterzetter 1905 Vormer 5 juni 1911 Plateelbakker. Geboorteakte 3094 Johannes Everardus Ramakers. 1945 zonder Op 3 oktober 1885 kreeg de Duitse edelman Wilhelm Wolff, Freiherr von Gudenberg, van het gemeentebestuur van 's-Gravenhage vergunning voor een inrichting tot het glazuren van porselein en aardewerk aan de Boekhorststraat 1 Op 12 januari 1885 kreeg hij van het gemeentebestuur vergunning voor een fabriek van porcelein en aardewerk in het huis "Rozenburg" aan de toenmalige Zuid-Binnensingel 216, nu Buitenom geheten. Aan dit huis ontleende de onderneming haar nieuwe naam. * Half augustus werd de fabriek NV Haagsche Plateelbakkerij "Rozenburg" gesloten, de voorraden en het gebouw met de grond werden verkocht.
MarriageCivil Marriage Johanna Theodora Matla - [View Family (F20)]
6 November 1901 (Age 24) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
Birth of a child #1 19 October 1902 - 09:00 uur (Age 25) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
Son: Reinier Ramakers II (I49)
Death of a child 21 October 1902 - 12:00 uur (Age 25) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
Son: Reinier Ramakers II (I49) (Age 2 days)
Birth of a child #2 8 March 1904 - 12:00 uur (Age 26) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
Daughter: Johanna Theodora Ramakers (I50)
Birth of a child #3 23 August 1905 - 09:00 uur (Age 27) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
Son: Johannes Ramakers (I51)
Marriage of sibling 13 September 1905 (Age 27) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
Brother: Johannes Josephus Hendricus Ramakers (I54) Sister-in-law: Anna Wilhelmina Tasseron (I55) (Age 21) [View Family (F21)]
Birth of a nephew or niece 28 February 1906 (Age 28) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
niece: Anna Wilhelmina Ramakers (I56) Father: Johannes Josephus Hendricus Ramakers (I54) (Age 26) Mother: Anna Wilhelmina Tasseron (I55) (Age 22) [View Family (F21)]
Birth of a child #4 17 April 1907 - 09:00 uur (Age 29) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
Son: Reinier Ramakers III (I52)
Marriage of sibling 8 July 1908 (Age 30) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
Brother: Reinier Coenradus Vincentius Petrus Ramakers I (I21) (Age 23) Sister-in-law: Petronella Margaretha "Greet" Schoenmakers I (I22) (Age 28) [View Family (F8)]
Birth of a nephew or niece 16 February 1909 - 01:30 uur (Age 31) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
nephew: Reinier "Reinier" Ramakers IV (I76) Father: Johannes Josephus Hendricus Ramakers (I54) (Age 28) Mother: Anna Wilhelmina Tasseron (I55) (Age 25) [View Family (F21)]
Birth of a nephew or niece 4 July 1909 (Age 31) Leiden, Leiden, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
nephew: Theodorus Jacobus Perlee (I1697) Father: Jacobus Perlee (I81) (Age 18) Mother: Maria Theresia Ramakers (I80) (Age 20) [View Family (F31)]
Birth of a nephew or niece 18 February 1910 - 10:00 uur (Age 32) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
nephew: Reinier Coenradus Vincentius Petrus "Rein" Ramakers II (I23) Father: Reinier Coenradus Vincentius Petrus Ramakers I (I21) (Age 25) Mother: Petronella Margaretha "Greet" Schoenmakers I (I22) (Age 30) [View Family (F8)]
Birth of a nephew or niece 18 July 1910 - 07:30 uur (Age 32) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
niece: Catharina Louisa Ramakers (I412) Father: Johannes Josephus Hendricus Ramakers (I54) (Age 30) Mother: Anna Wilhelmina Tasseron (I55) (Age 26) [View Family (F21)]
Marriage of sibling 9 November 1910 (Age 33) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
Sister: Maria Theresia Ramakers (I80) (Age 21) Brother-in-law: Jacobus Perlee (I81) [View Family (F31)]
Birth of a nephew or niece 5 June 1911 - 04:00 uur (Age 33) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
nephew: Johannes Everardus "Jo" Ramakers (I8) Father: Reinier Coenradus Vincentius Petrus Ramakers I (I21) (Age 26) Mother: Petronella Margaretha "Greet" Schoenmakers I (I22) (Age 31) [View Family (F8)] Best Man: Johannes "Jan" Ramakers (I47) (Age 33)
Birth of a child #5 10 June 1911 - 03:00 uur (Age 33) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
Daughter: Maria Louisa Ramakers (I53)
Birth of a nephew or niece 8 October 1911 - 16:30 uur (Age 33) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
niece: Maria Theresia Perlee (I83) Father: Jacobus Perlee (I81) (Age 21) Mother: Maria Theresia Ramakers (I80) (Age 22) [View Family (F31)]
Death of mother's sibling 13 May 1912 (Age 34) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
aunt: Hendrika Jacoba Verbeek (I460) (Age 66)
Birth of a nephew or niece 20 September 1912 (Age 34) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
nephew: Johannes Josephus Hendricus Ramakers (I420) Father: Johannes Josephus Hendricus Ramakers (I54) (Age 32) Mother: Anna Wilhelmina Tasseron (I55) (Age 28) [View Family (F21)]
Birth of a nephew or niece 26 August 1913 (Age 35) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
nephew: Jacobus Theodorus Perlee (I84) Father: Jacobus Perlee (I81) (Age 22) Mother: Maria Theresia Ramakers (I80) (Age 24) [View Family (F31)]
Birth of a nephew or niece 24 May 1915 - 16:00 uur (Age 37) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
niece: Doodgeboren Ramakers (I424) Father: Johannes Josephus Hendricus Ramakers (I54) (Age 35) Mother: Anna Wilhelmina Tasseron (I55) (Age 31) [View Family (F21)]
Death of a nephew or niece 24 May 1915 - 16:00 uur (Age 37) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
niece: Doodgeboren Ramakers (I424)
Marriage of sibling 14 July 1915 (Age 37) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
Sister: Johanna Maria "Anna" Ramakers (I93) Brother-in-law: Johan Anton "Jan" Perlee (I94) (Age 22) [View Family (F35)]
Birth of a nephew or niece 28 July 1915 (Age 37) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
nephew: Louis Christiaan Perlee (I85) Father: Jacobus Perlee (I81) (Age 24) Mother: Maria Theresia Ramakers (I80) (Age 26) [View Family (F31)]
Birth of a nephew or niece 5 November 1915 (Age 38) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
niece: Johanna Maria "Annie" Perlee (I356) Father: Johan Anton "Jan" Perlee (I94) (Age 23) Mother: Johanna Maria "Anna" Ramakers (I93) (Age 24) [View Family (F35)]
Birth of a nephew or niece 3 December 1916 (Age 39) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
niece: Margaretha Elisabeth Ramakers (I425) Father: Johannes Josephus Hendricus Ramakers (I54) (Age 36) Mother: Anna Wilhelmina Tasseron (I55) (Age 32) [View Family (F21)]
Birth of a nephew or niece 5 January 1918 (Age 40) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
niece: Dirkje Christina Perlee (I89) Father: Jacobus Perlee (I81) (Age 27) Mother: Maria Theresia Ramakers (I80) (Age 28) [View Family (F31)]
Birth of a nephew or niece 27 January 1918 (Age 40) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
nephew: Jacobus Johan Perlee (I97) Father: Johan Anton "Jan" Perlee (I94) (Age 25) Mother: Johanna Maria "Anna" Ramakers (I93) (Age 27) [View Family (F35)]
Birth of a nephew or niece 27 August 1918 (Age 40) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
niece: Petronella Margaretha "Nel" Ramakers II (I24) Father: Reinier Coenradus Vincentius Petrus Ramakers I (I21) (Age 33) Mother: Petronella Margaretha "Greet" Schoenmakers I (I22) (Age 38) [View Family (F8)]
Birth of a nephew or niece 6 February 1919 (Age 41) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
nephew: Karel Lodewijk Ramakers (I431) Father: Johannes Josephus Hendricus Ramakers (I54) (Age 38) Mother: Anna Wilhelmina Tasseron (I55) (Age 35) [View Family (F21)]
Marriage of sibling 4 June 1919 (Age 41) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
Sister: Maria Barbara "Marie" Ramakers (I103) Brother-in-law: Jan "Jan" Kemeling (I104) [View Family (F37)]
Marriage of a first cousin 25 June 1919 (Age 41) Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
Male cousin: Antonius Albertus "Antoon" Bergers (I116) Cousin-in-law: Elisabeth Josephina van Beek (I117) [View Family (F40)]
Birth of a nephew or niece 15 September 1921 (Age 43) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
niece: Johanna Antonia Perlee (I98) Father: Johan Anton "Jan" Perlee (I94) (Age 28) Mother: Johanna Maria "Anna" Ramakers (I93) (Age 30) [View Family (F35)]
Birth of a nephew or niece 27 May 1922 (Age 44) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
niece: Maria Lucretia Perlee (I90) Father: Jacobus Perlee (I81) (Age 31) Mother: Maria Theresia Ramakers (I80) (Age 33) [View Family (F31)]
Birth of a nephew or niece 1 January 1924 (Age 46) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
*nephew/niece: Doodgeboren Perlee (I91) Father: Jacobus Perlee (I81) (Age 33) Mother: Maria Theresia Ramakers (I80) (Age 34) [View Family (F31)]
Death of a nephew or niece 1 January 1924 (Age 46) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
*nephew/niece: Doodgeboren Perlee (I91)
Marriage of a nephew or niece 30 April 1924 (Age 46) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
niece: Anna Wilhelmina Ramakers (I56) (Age 18) Spouse: Zier Grootveld (I57) (Age 20) [View Family (F22)]
Birth of a nephew or niece 19 May 1924 (Age 46) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
nephew: Johan Reinier "Joop" Kemeling (I105) Father: Jan "Jan" Kemeling (I104) (Age 35) Mother: Maria Barbara "Marie" Ramakers (I103) (Age 31) [View Family (F37)]
Birth of a nephew or niece 19 October 1926 (Age 49) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
Twin brother: Cornelis Marinus Kemeling (I106) Father: Jan "Jan" Kemeling (I104) (Age 37) Mother: Maria Barbara "Marie" Ramakers (I103) (Age 33) [View Family (F37)]
Death of father 7 January 1927 (Age 49) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
Father: Reinier Ramakers I (I45) (Age 78)
Death of mother 28 November 1927 (Age 50) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
Mother: Maria Louisa Verbeek (I46) (Age 74)
Birth of a nephew or niece 13 December 1927 - 18:00 uur (Age 50) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
*nephew/niece: Doodgeboren Ramakers (I432) Father: Johannes Josephus Hendricus Ramakers (I54) (Age 47) Mother: Anna Wilhelmina Tasseron (I55) (Age 44) [View Family (F21)]
Death of a nephew or niece 13 December 1927 - 18:00 uur (Age 50) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
*nephew/niece: Doodgeboren Ramakers (I432)
Marriage of a nephew or niece 23 May 1928 (Age 50) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
niece: Anna Wilhelmina Ramakers (I56) (Age 22) Spouse: Laurens Jacobus Antonius Bom (I59) (Age 30) [View Family (F24)]
Death of a nephew or niece 9 July 1928 (Age 50) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
Twin brother: Cornelis Marinus Kemeling (I106) (Age 20 months)
Birth of a nephew or niece 12 August 1928 (Age 50) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
Twin brother: Louis Perlee (I100) Father: Johan Anton "Jan" Perlee (I94) (Age 35) Mother: Johanna Maria "Anna" Ramakers (I93) (Age 37) [View Family (F35)]
Death of a nephew or niece 31 March 1929 (Age 51) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
Twin brother: Louis Perlee (I100) (Age 7 months)
Marriage of a nephew or niece 28 May 1930 (Age 52) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
niece: Catharina Louisa Ramakers (I412) Spouse: Gijsbertus van Ginkel (I413) [View Family (F148)]
Marriage of a nephew or niece 16 December 1931 (Age 54) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
nephew: Reinier "Reinier" Ramakers IV (I76) Spouse: Koosje "Cobie" Groennou (I77) [View Family (F30)]
Marriage of a child 3 August 1932 (Age 54) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
Son: Reinier Ramakers III (I52) Daughter-in-law: Clasina Johanna Spa (I373) [View Family (F132)]
Death of sibling 10 October 1933 (Age 55) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
Sister: Maria Theresia Ramakers (I80) (Age 44)
Marriage of a child 18 April 1934 (Age 56) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
Daughter: Johanna Theodora Ramakers (I50) Son-in-law: Adrianus Lamb (I359) (Age 33) [View Family (F126)]
Marriage of a nephew or niece 15 August 1934 (Age 56) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
nephew: Johannes Everardus "Jo" Ramakers (I8) (Age 23) Spouse: Antonia "Toos" van den Burg (I18) (Age 27) [View Family (F6)]
Marriage of a nephew or niece 3 April 1935 (Age 57) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
nephew: Johannes Josephus Hendricus Ramakers (I420) (Age 22) Spouse: Johanna Ida Laurentina Warmenhoven (I421) (Age 17) [View Family (F151)]
Marriage of a nephew or niece 15 May 1935 (Age 57) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
niece: Margaretha Elisabeth Ramakers (I425) Spouse: Ludovicus Leonardus Meurink (I426) (Age 23) [View Family (F153)]
Marriage of a nephew or niece 22 May 1935 (Age 57) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
niece: Maria Theresia Perlee (I83) Spouse: Johannes David Leenders (I1700) [View Family (F672)]
Marriage of a nephew or niece 16 June 1937 (Age 59) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
nephew: Jacobus Theodorus Perlee (I84) Spouse: (unknown) (unknown) (I439) [View Family (F158)]
Marriage of a child 29 September 1937 (Age 59) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
Son: Johannes Ramakers (I51) Daughter-in-law: Johanna Elisabeth Nekeman (I369) [View Family (F130)]
Marriage of a nephew or niece 6 April 1938 (Age 60) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
niece: Johanna Maria "Annie" Perlee (I356) (Age 22) Spouse: Jannes van den Burg (I232) (Age 28) [View Family (F124)]
Marriage of a nephew or niece 13 April 1938 (Age 60) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
nephew: Louis Christiaan Perlee (I85) (Age 22) Spouse: Susanna Catharina van den Burg V (I86) (Age 25) [View Family (F33)]
Marriage of a child 17 May 1939 (Age 61) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
Daughter: Maria Louisa Ramakers (I53) Son-in-law: Klaas Nekeman (I377) [View Family (F134)]
Marriage of a nephew or niece 22 November 1939 (Age 62) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
nephew: Johannes Everardus "Jo" Ramakers (I8) (Age 28) Spouse: Johanna "Annie" Rotteveel (I9) (Age 30) [View Family (F3)]
Death of father's sibling 30 December 1939 (Age 62) Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
aunt: Maria Cibilla Ramakers (I114) (Age 82)
Birth of a grandchild #1 14 September 1942 (Age 64) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
Grandchild: Doodgeboren Ramakers (I372) Father: Johannes Ramakers (I51) (Age 37) Mother: Johanna Elisabeth Nekeman (I369) (Age 30) [View Family (F130)]
Death of a grandchild 14 September 1942 (Age 64) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
Grandchild: Doodgeboren Ramakers (I372)
Marriage of a nephew or niece 26 May 1943 (Age 65) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
niece: Petronella Margaretha "Nel" Ramakers II (I24) (Age 24) Spouse: Hendrikus Wilhelmus Gijsbertus "Henk" van Soest (I37) (Age 31) [View Family (F16)]
Death of sibling 7 February 1944 - 15:30 uur (Age 66) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
Brother: Reinier Coenradus Vincentius Petrus Ramakers I (I21) (Age 59)
Burial of sibling 11 February 1944 (Age 66) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
Brother: Reinier Coenradus Vincentius Petrus Ramakers I (I21) (4 days after death)
Death 11 March 1945 - 19:00 uur (Age 67) Den Haag, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, Nederland
Source: Gemeentearchief Den Haag Citation Details: Overlijdenakte nummer B1654 Date of entry in original source: 14 March 1945 Quality of Data: zeker
Note: Aangever: Johannes de Groot, Incasseerder, 52 jaar
Last Change 20 July 2014 - 10:04:17 - by: r.ramakers